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Cospas-Sarsat is an international satellite-based search and rescue (SAR) distress alert detection and information distribution system, established by Canada, France, the United States, and the former Sovie Union in 1979. Over the years many countries have joined the project, either as providers of ground segments or as user states. The system consists of both a ground segment and a space segment:
- Distress radiobeacons
- SAR signal processors aboard satellites
- Satellite downlink receiving and signal processing stations called LUTs (local user terminals)
- Mission Control Centres that distribute distress alert data generated by the LUTs
- Rescue Coordination Centres that coordinate SAR response to a distress situation
Cospas-Sarsat is an element of the Global Maritime Distress Safety System (GMDSS). Automatic-activating EPIRBs are now required on International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) ships, commercial fishing vessels, and all passenger ships, they are designed to transmit to a Rescue Coordination Centre a vessel identification and an accurate location of the vessel from anywhere in the world. This and further information about Cospas-Sarsat you find under: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospas-Sarsat
For further information also see http://www.equipped.org/cospas-sarsat_overview.htm
and http://www.spaceandtech.com/spacedata/constellations/cospas-sarsat_conintro.shtml